Alicornutopia

It does.

Blue-blooded referring to aristocracy? It is, yeah. (Searching "blue-blooded" on Google gets me "adj. aristocratic or patrician".)

I am mildly surprised it exists in Brazil actually.

It originated from the tendency for aristocrats to be so pale that their veins appeared to be blue in color.

English got it via Spanish, which makes its existing in Brazil less surprising.

since Portuguese could just as easily get it from Spanish?

Yes, especially since (a) there was in general a lot of Spanish settlement of central and south America, and (b) Portugal is right there next to Spain. (I don't know, and don't know of a good way to find out, whether the idiom passed into Portuguese before or after the settlement of Brazil, but I'm kind of curious now.)

Google seems to imply yes. The term comes from Spanish nobility being proud of not having interbred with the Moors. (I thought that seemed weird, since the conquest of the Iberian peninsula was forever ago, but apparently the process of conquering it back lasted for basically ever.) So the thing that gave rise to the phrase was several centuries old and ongoing at the time that Portugal appeared; it wouldn't surprise me if it's been in the language since the beginning.

I get the sense it was from Portugal, I don't think settlements have that much contact/influence.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limpieza_de_sangre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_blood
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobility

Here is the concept.